用Hardhat开发智能合约，并发布ERC721 NFT

1. 安装Hardhat

npm install --save-dev hardhat

2. 初始化Hardhat工程

npx hardhat

3. 安装官方contract库

npm install @openzeppelin/contracts

4. 完成ERC721 NFT智能合约代码

目录contracts/DrawNFT.sol

// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
pragma solidity ^0.8.4;

import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/ERC721.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC721/extensions/ERC721URIStorage.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/Counters.sol";

contract DrawNFT is ERC721, ERC721URIStorage, Ownable {
    using Counters for Counters.Counter;

    Counters.Counter private _tokenIdCounter;

    constructor() ERC721("DrawNFT", "DNFT") {}

    function safeMint(address to, string memory uri) public onlyOwner {
        uint256 tokenId = _tokenIdCounter.current();
        _tokenIdCounter.increment();
        _safeMint(to, tokenId);
        _setTokenURI(tokenId, uri);
    }

    // The following functions are overrides required by Solidity.

    function _burn(uint256 tokenId) internal override(ERC721, ERC721URIStorage) {
        super._burn(tokenId);
    }

    function tokenURI(uint256 tokenId)
        public
        view
        override(ERC721, ERC721URIStorage)
        returns (string memory)
    {
        return super.tokenURI(tokenId);
    }
}

5. 完成合约部署代码

目录scripts/deploy.ts

import { ethers } from "hardhat";

async function main() {
  // DrawNFT
  const DrawNFT = await ethers.getContractFactory("DrawNFT");
  const drawNFT = await DrawNFT.deploy();
  await drawNFT.deployed();
  console.log(`drawNFT deployed to ${drawNFT.address}`);
}

// We recommend this pattern to be able to use async/await everywhere
// and properly handle errors.
main().catch((error) => {
  console.error(error);
  process.exitCode = 1;
});

6. 启动本地私有链

npx hardhat node

7. 部署合约

npx hardhat run --network localhost scripts/deploy.ts

得到合约地址

drawNFT deployed to 0xe7f1725E7734CE288F8367e1Bb143E90bb3F0512

8. 启动nodejs，并初始化环境

# node
Welcome to Node.js v16.15.1.
Type ".help" for more information.
> const { ethers } = require("ethers");
undefined
> const provider = new ethers.providers.JsonRpcProvider();
undefined
> account1 = new ethers.Wallet('0xac0974bec39a17e36ba4a6b4d238ff944bacb478cbed5efcae784d7bf4f2ff80',provider)
Wallet {
  _isSigner: true,
  _signingKey: [Function (anonymous)],
  _mnemonic: [Function (anonymous)],
  address: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
  provider: JsonRpcProvider {
    _isProvider: true,
    _events: [],
    _emitted: { block: -2 },
    disableCcipRead: false,
    formatter: Formatter { formats: [Object] },
    anyNetwork: false,
    _networkPromise: Promise {
      [Object],
      [Symbol(async_id_symbol)]: 47,
      [Symbol(trigger_async_id_symbol)]: 5,
      [Symbol(destroyed)]: [Object]
    },
    _maxInternalBlockNumber: -1024,
    _lastBlockNumber: -2,
    _maxFilterBlockRange: 10,
    _pollingInterval: 4000,
    _fastQueryDate: 0,
    connection: { url: 'http://localhost:8545' },
    _nextId: 43,
    _eventLoopCache: { detectNetwork: null, eth_chainId: null },
    _network: { chainId: 31337, name: 'unknown' }
  }
}

9. 初始化contract

> abi = [{"inputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"approved","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Approval","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"},{"indexed":false,"internalType":"bool","name":"approved","type":"bool"}],"name":"ApprovalForAll","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"previousOwner","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"OwnershipTransferred","type":"event"},{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"indexed":true,"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"Transfer","type":"event"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"approve","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"}],"name":"balanceOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"getApproved","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"owner","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"}],"name":"isApprovedForAll","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"name","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"owner","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"ownerOf","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"renounceOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"string","name":"uri","type":"string"}],"name":"safeMint","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"safeTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"safeTransferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"operator","type":"address"},{"internalType":"bool","name":"approved","type":"bool"}],"name":"setApprovalForAll","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes4","name":"interfaceId","type":"bytes4"}],"name":"supportsInterface","outputs":[{"internalType":"bool","name":"","type":"bool"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"symbol","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"tokenURI","outputs":[{"internalType":"string","name":"","type":"string"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"from","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"}],"name":"transferFrom","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"newOwner","type":"address"}],"name":"transferOwnership","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"}]
...
> contract = new ethers.Contract('0xe7f1725E7734CE288F8367e1Bb143E90bb3F0512',abi,account1)
...

调用合约基本方法

> await contract.name()
'DrawNFT'
> await contract.symbol()
'DNFT'

10. mint出token

> contractWithSigner = contract.connect(account1)
...
> contractWithSigner.safeMint(await account1.getAddress(),'ipfs://Qmxxx')
{
  type: 2,
  chainId: 31337,
  nonce: 2,
  maxPriorityFeePerGas: BigNumber { _hex: '0x59682f00', _isBigNumber: true },
  maxFeePerGas: BigNumber { _hex: '0xb5f20e1e', _isBigNumber: true },
  gasPrice: null,
  gasLimit: BigNumber { _hex: '0x01cd79', _isBigNumber: true },
  to: '0xe7f1725E7734CE288F8367e1Bb143E90bb3F0512',
  value: BigNumber { _hex: '0x00', _isBigNumber: true },
  data: '0xd204c45e000000000000000000000000f39fd6e51aad88f6f4ce6ab8827279cfffb922660000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000c697066733a2f2f516d7878780000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
  accessList: [],
  hash: '0x2884d83034461908dbd3be73470d36af5aec159098a8d6d049027cb5acc2c61d',
  v: 0,
  r: '0x825d7e0024a83a417f5ead21fc07044fb6e74253dea5b4de788a15c7344f1679',
  s: '0x3da7ab8323ab485741f9d1fdaae7a9c22fd8969a1e52ea50d9f6ab477de1cbbf',
  from: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
  confirmations: 0,
  wait: [Function (anonymous)]
}

查询是否mint成功

> await contractWithSigner.tokenURI(0)
'ipfs://Qmxxx'
> await contractWithSigner.ownerOf(0)
'0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266'

11. 发送NFT

> account2 = new ethers.Wallet('0x59c6995e998f97a5a0044966f0945389dc9e86dae88c7a8412f4603b6b78690d',provider)
...
> contractWithSigner.transferFrom(await account1.getAddress(), await account2.getAddress(), 0)
{
  type: 2,
  chainId: 31337,
  nonce: 3,
  maxPriorityFeePerGas: BigNumber { _hex: '0x59682f00', _isBigNumber: true },
  maxFeePerGas: BigNumber { _hex: '0xac5e7c24', _isBigNumber: true },
  gasPrice: null,
  gasLimit: BigNumber { _hex: '0xf791', _isBigNumber: true },
  to: '0xe7f1725E7734CE288F8367e1Bb143E90bb3F0512',
  value: BigNumber { _hex: '0x00', _isBigNumber: true },
  data: '0x23b872dd000000000000000000000000f39fd6e51aad88f6f4ce6ab8827279cfffb9226600000000000000000000000070997970c51812dc3a010c7d01b50e0d17dc79c80000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
  accessList: [],
  hash: '0x1179e89396f6c69b4f7cf5d14d673379bceca3ed86b0f4fefbe41da025aaaea9',
  v: 1,
  r: '0x06f35287e21c087138b8fae72c9b4e2008aded4e3fab4021358481d8424bc36f',
  s: '0x3cd8285a2ea1d9554eee14b6c799aca543d0c40006d0b7bb4a004f58fb6aa3fc',
  from: '0xf39Fd6e51aad88F6F4ce6aB8827279cffFb92266',
  confirmations: 0,
  wait: [Function (anonymous)]
}

查看NFT是否发送成功

> await contractWithSigner.tokenURI(0)
'ipfs://Qmxxx'
> await contractWithSigner.ownerOf(0)
'0x70997970C51812dc3A010C7d01b50e0d17dc79C8'

1. 安装Hardhat#

2. 初始化Hardhat工程#

3. 安装官方contract库#

4. 完成ERC721 NFT智能合约代码#

5. 完成合约部署代码#

6. 启动本地私有链#

7. 部署合约#

8. 启动nodejs，并初始化环境#

9. 初始化contract#

10. mint出token#

11. 发送NFT#

1. 安装Hardhat

2. 初始化Hardhat工程

3. 安装官方contract库

4. 完成ERC721 NFT智能合约代码

5. 完成合约部署代码

6. 启动本地私有链

7. 部署合约

8. 启动nodejs，并初始化环境

9. 初始化contract

10. mint出token

11. 发送NFT